Social vulnerability refers to the susceptibility of individuals, communities, or societies to the impacts of hazards and disasters. This vulnerability can be influenced by factors such as poverty, inequality, lack of access to resources, age, gender, disability, and social networks. Understanding social vulnerability is important for disaster preparedness and response efforts, as it helps to identify and address the needs of those who are most at risk during emergencies. Researchers in this area may study the complex interactions between social, economic, and environmental factors that contribute to vulnerability, as well as develop strategies to reduce vulnerability and build resilience in communities.